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John Gerard (Jesuit)
John Gerard (1564–1637) was an English Jesuit priest, operating covertly in England during the Elizabethan period in which the Catholic Church was subject to persecution. He was the second son of Sir Thomas Gerard of Bryn, near Ashton in Makerfield, Lancashire, who had been imprisoned in 1569 for plotting the rescue of Mary, Queen of Scots, from Tutbury Castle.〔 His release in 1571 may have been influenced by his cousin Sir Gilbert Gerard who was Attorney General at that time.
John is noted not only for successfully hiding from the English authorities for eight years before his capture, but for enduring extensive torture, escaping from the Tower of London and, after recovering, continuing with his covert mission. After his escape to the continent, he was later instructed by his Jesuit superiors to write a book about his life (Latin text).〔''The autobiography of an Elizabethan'' John Gerard (ISBN B0000CI1BG)〕 An English translation was published in 1951.〔Philip Caraman, transl. ''The autobiography of a hunted priest by John Gerard''〕 This is a rare, first-hand account of the deadly cloak-and-dagger world of a Catholic priest in Elizabethan England.
== Education abroad and first mission ==
He was sent at age 12 with his brother to Exeter College, Oxford, where they matriculated on 3 December 1575. Some sources say his teacher, Mr. Lewkenor, followed him home in order to become a Catholic and continue his and his brother's education.〔("John Gerard", at the Gunpowder Plot Society ), accessed 30 October 2007〕 Due to the prohibition of Catholics at universities in England, Gerard was sent to study at the English Catholic school in Douai, which was later moved to Rheims, then, with the Jesuits at Clermont. As was the fate of so many Jesuits who often returned to England with foreign clothing and accents Gerard was arrested soon after he landed to begin his mission at Dover. He was sent to the Marshalsea Prison, where many undercover priests had been imprisoned. Anthony Babington, who was later to be executed for treason for being involved in a plot to free the Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots, posted bond to secure Gerard's release.
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